Hitler which religion

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Petersburgh PDF. There were individual Catholics and Protestants who spoke out on behalf of Jews, and small groups within both churches that became involved in rescue and resistance activities for example, the White Rose and Herman Maas.

After , the silence of the church leadership and the widespread complicity of "ordinary Christians" compelled leaders of both churches to address issues of guilt and complicity during the Holocaust—a process that continues internationally to this day. Barnett, Victoria. New York: Oxford University Press, Bergen, Doris. Christian Complicity? Ericksen, Robert P. New York: Cambridge University Press, Phayer, Michael.

The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, — Bloomington: Indiana University Press, Spicer, Kevin P. We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia.

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ISBN In this eminently readable and insightful book, Richard Weikart investigates Adolf Hitler's personal beliefs. Questions about Hitler's religion continue to animate and divide scholars, not least because Hitler frequently lied about his religious convictions to mollify and mislead his supporters and gain political advantage.

Not surprisingly, Hitler was much preoccupied with Christianity and the Catholic and Protestant churches in Germany. Weikart takes to task scholars, most notably Richard Steigmann-Gall, who, in part based on Hitler's early conciliatory tone toward the churches, concluded that Hitler was "a sincere Christian, at least until " p. Weikart instead contends that "the evidence is preponderant against Hitler embracing any form of Christianity for most of his adult life" p.

Aside from his vicious private condemnation of the churches and "Christianity with its meekness and flabbiness," a careful reading of Hitler's speeches that are often cited as proof of his Christian faith reveal such a distorted conception of Christianity that few would recognize it as such p.

Hitler endorsed a kind of Kampfchristentum Christianity of the sword that cast Jesus as "a pugnacious antiSemite" in order to persuade Christians to join in his persecution of Jews p. Although Weikart acknowledges the role of Christian antisemitism in "preparing the soil for the Holocaust," he nonetheless posits that Hitler's antisemitism "had little or nothing to do with Christianity or religion" p.

In response, believers point to the scores of millions killed by militantly atheistic regimes in such places as Russia, Albania, China and Cuba — murders that, like those committed earlier in the French Revolution, were often explicitly motivated by hostility to religion.

Not surprisingly, therefore, Hitler and the Nazis frequently appear in arguments over religious and irreligious violence. Many theists claim that, like Stalin and Mao, Hitler was an atheist. Not so, counter the atheists. Not only was Hitler raised an Austrian Catholic, but he often declared his belief in God and even called himself a Christian. Privately, Hitler denied the existence of a personal God, rejected the concept of an individual afterlife, mocked Christian morality and sought to damage and, in the long term, to destroy the churches.

In fact, Hitler was a supremely cunning demagogue who routinely lied, and his record is mixed. His hatred of the Jews bears little or no resemblance to historical Christian anti-Semitism. Some prominent Nazis cultivated astrology and occultism, while some even sought to revive the pre-Christian Germanic religion of the high god Odin or Wotan. But Hitler himself disdained such things as unscientific.